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Using pooled data of five-rounds of NFHS, India (1992-2020), we examined levels and trends of change in family-structure across India and factors contributing. Mean household-size reduced from 5.8 (NFHS 1) to 4.5 (NFHS 5) with decline in (mean) children (0-14) from 2.1 to 1.2. India had 8.8% single-generation households (1992) (highest: Delhi 15.8%, lowest: Haryana 4.7%), which increased to 14.9% by 2020 (highest-TamilNadu-26.2% and lowest-Jammu&Kashmir-3.8%). During same period, 3+ generation households reduced from 35.2% to 31.1%. Haryana (39.7%) and Uttar Pradesh (39.6%) had highest multi-generational households in NFHS-1, while in 30 years, Rajasthan and Haryana (40%) had the maximum. Substantial increase in single-generation households was in scheduled-tribe/other castes, higher education and southern regions, while other indicators witnessed decline. Whereas 3+generation families increased in other regions. Rural, greater wealth, ownership of agricultural land were other positive predictors. Decomposition analysis suggested the similar associations with change in generations. Increase in single-generation households have implication on healthy and secured aging.
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